Sermons

“Soil Preparations



“SOIL PREPARATIONS”

Text: Mark 4: 1-20 Esv

1 Again he began to teach beside the sea. And a very large crowd gathered about him, so that he got into a boat and sat in it on the sea, and the whole crowd was beside the sea on the land. 2 And he was teaching them many things in parables, and in his teaching he said to them: 3 "Listen! A sower went out to sow. 4 And as he sowed, some seed fell along the path, and the birds came and devoured it. 5 Other seed fell on rocky ground, where it did not have much soil, and immediately it sprang up, since it had no depth of soil. 6 And when the sun rose, it was scorched, and since it had no root, it withered away. 7 Other seed fell among thorns, and the thorns grew up and choked it, and it yielded no grain. 8 And other seeds fell into good soil and produced grain, growing up and increasing and yielding thirtyfold and sixtyfold and a hundredfold." 9 And he said, "He who has ears to hear, let him hear.” 10 And when he was alone, those around him with the twelve asked him about the parables. 11 And he said to them, "To you has been given the secret of the kingdom of God, but for those outside everything is in parables, 12 so that "they may indeed see but not perceive, and may indeed hear but not understand, lest they should turn and be forgiven." 13 And he said to them, "Do you not understand this parable? How then will you understand all the parables? 14 The sower sows the word. 15 And these are the ones along the path, where the word is sown: when they hear, Satan immediately comes and takes away the word that is sown in them. 16 And these are the ones sown on rocky ground: the ones who, when they hear the word, immediately receive it with joy. 17 And they have no root in themselves, but endure for a while; then, when tribulation or persecution arises on account of the word, immediately they fall away. 18 And others are the ones sown among thorns. They are those who hear the word, 19 but the cares of the world and the deceitfulness of riches and the desires for other things enter in and choke the word, and it proves unfruitful. 20 But those that were sown on the good soil are the ones who hear the word and accept it and bear fruit, thirtyfold and sixtyfold and a hundredfold."

A PULPIT ON THE LAKE

The crowds are starting to press in on Jesus, and, as he forecast in last week’s text, they now need a boat to keep Jesus from being crushed. It’s Beatlemania in Galilee, so they get into a boat, push off from the shore, and Jesus teaches the people from the veritable pulpit. The people line the banks of the lake and Jesus speaks to them across the water (which would have been very good for sound).

There is a place on the north side of the lake in Galilee known as the Sower’s Cove. It is traditionally thought of as the place where Jesus spoke. A kind of amphitheater is formed by the cove. 

It’s not hard to imagine Jesus floating there in the center of the circle preaching to hundreds of people on the shores all around. When he teaches, he teaches in parables. Today’s parable is about farming.

Reckless farming tactics

Jesus parable—given to his original hearers—might have sounded something like this:

A man went to put gas in his car. He put his card in the machine, punched in his ATM number, and pressed the premium button. He turned on the hose. A bunch of gas started spilling on the ground and it began to stink up the area immediately. The man stopped the nozzle and opened the hood of the car and started spraying gas at the engine, hoping some might get inside, but this seemed pointless (and steamy), so he opened the door of the car and sprayed some gas inside the car. This gas soaked into the upholstery and caused the colors of the fabric to run. Finally, he saw the small lever that opens the gas hatch. He went back, unscrewed the cap, and filled the tank to the top. I tell you, that full tank will now get 100 miles per gallon!. Let everyone with ears to hear hear.

If that sounds bizarre, I need to let you know a few things about farming in Jesus’ day, but I assure you, Jesus’ parable struck his original hearers as equally strange.

First, seed was very precious. You couldn’t go down to the store and buy prepared packets of seeds, let alone big bags of seed to cover lots of ground. Seed was precious and not easy to come by. Seeds were like coins; each one was considered precious.

Second, farmers tended to be followers of a family tradition, as many are today. Farmland was preserved and protected from generation to generation. Farmers grew up to be farmers and to pass the farmable land onto their children. Not all land was farmable—far from it—farmers of Jesus day knew which land was fertile and which was not. They knew it by the foot and knew which spots would yield and which would not.

Ancient farmers would have planted the way you or I might plant very expensive, exotic, pricey seeds. We would prepare the ground, dig one hole at a time, place one precious seed at a time, and then carefully water it, watch and pray for God to bring growth.

So, what of this story of a sower who apparently takes handfuls of seed and throws them here and there, hoping for a random hit? No one sews that way except a complete fool. Jesus would have had the people in stitches! This is a humorous story that time has hallowed and stained-glass-windows have solemnized out of  all recognition. The farmer is wildly reckless, humorously so.

THE PURPOSE OF PARABLES

Jesus teaches in parables so that we might relate to him by faith. He doesn’t simply spell things out, saying, “I am the Messiah—the one you’ve been waiting for—and everything is going according to plan.” He doesn’t prove himself; he leaves room for doubters to doubt. We are to relate to him by faith or not at all.

He teaches so that some may hear, but not perceive and see, but not really see. It’s a quote from Isaiah 6:9-10:

"Go, and say to this people: "'Keep on hearing, but do not understand; keep on seeing, but do not perceive.' Make the heart of this people dull, and their ears heavy, and blind their eyes; lest they see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and understand with their hearts, and turn and be healed."

Some will see but not believe; others may hear, but persist in disbelief. The parable is, at heart, an encouragement to persevere and persist in the faith.

Question: If we, like the disciples, had not been given the clue to the parable’s meaning, what might we have made of it? The best I can think is, like the guy at the gas station, don’t be an idiot. If you farm, be careful with the seed and only plant it in good soil. End of story.

But Jesus lets us in on the secrets of the kingdom. He explains the parable of the Sower for us, thank God.

We’re going to look at the four different soils and see if we can see something of our world and ourselves reflected back to us. May each of us have ears to hear and eyes to see!

1. On the Road

These seeds didn’t even hit the soil; they landed on the road or just off the side. They found no soil and were exposed to the sun, so naturally, the birds came and ate them.

Jesus tells us that this is about Satan coming and stealing the word from our hearts. What a terrifying thought! It is Satan who is the author of evil and misery in our world. The Satan birds are quick to snatch up any hope of salvation that can come to a person.

How does Satan steal the word from people?

  1. 1.From poverty, disease and distractions.
  2. 2.By making us feel unworthy.
  3. 3.By keeping us too busy to listen or care.

R.E.M. wrote a song about Courtney Love after Kurt Cobain died. The song describes her as “three miles of bad road.” And she was.

Ever known someone who was like that—three miles of hard road? It is that hardened heart—hardened by the pains of this world—that makes a person like a soil-less patch of asphalt.

Jesus says that Satan can take away the word that is sown in the human heart. Faith can be pick-pocketed, and the victims won’t even seem to care. Satan has a predisposition to block germination—he doesn’t want the seed to hit human heart soil. He wants a world of asphalt and hardened road.

What can we do about it?

    1. 1.Know: the environment has changed and will change yet.
    2. 2.Examine the hardness of our own hearts and see if there is a way to soften up the soil.
    3. 3.Pray for the hard-hearted and cynical
  1. 2. On the Rocks

The second soil allows seeds to spring up like weeds, but they wither like weeds as well. The rocks stand for an incapacity for maturation—permanent spiritual infancy.

Have you seen new converts with more passion and zeal than any long-term Christian? Their faith burns with a hot, hot fire, but also burns out quickly as the fuel runs out. This is  faith “on the rocks” a short-lived faith that cannot endure. Faith without endurance is simply a personal fad.

When I did one of my internships in Lubbock, Texas, it was said: Faith is like a tree in west Texas: if you don’t water it and look after it, it’s gonna die. We are so lucky to have a faith practiced in freedom! Our life is so unlike the early Christians whose mere profession of faith in Christ put them on death row the moment the news hit the streets.

Or the Christians of Indonesia, whose churches are under constant attack by Muslims with guns and political power. Can we really imagine it? Can you imagine a gang of thugs bursting in here as we worship in order to declare our worship illegal? Could you stand being pushed around for the gospel? Followed home? Harassed by phone calls in the middle of the night? Refused service at restaurants or even grocery stores simply because you associate with Christians? It is easy--perhaps too easy--to join a church in America. How well would you do in a real trial?

The rocky soil also points toward all forms of rootlessness in the faith. In this century, perhaps more than any other, we have seen churches that sprout up like weeds, but without roots, wither at the first signs of difficulty. We have McChurches serving up junk food for the masses. Or Gerber churches, whose teaching will never rise above baby food formula. There are people who prefer to remain perpetual toddlers rather than to grow up, refusing adult food. It’s E-Z faith, cotton candy, that goes down easily but does not feed. When trouble comes, or hardship, such faith looks useless, and people walk away from it. Mega-congregations exploding into the thousands in no time--then you hear of a scandal, and the congregation splits. Friends, there are some advantages to being a member of a denomination--for all the things we may lack, I tell you, we have roots. Our fire may not light up the sky as some others do, but we are burning for the Lord with a smoldering that is not likely to ever be quenched.

What can we do about it?

  1. 1.Examine our own preference for shallow soil.
  2. 2.We need to deliberately cultivate our roots.
  3. 3.Do what is not easy but good.
  4. 4.Connect with our deep tradition.

3. In the Thorns

"You a golfer?"

"Yeah."

"How do you play?"

"In the rough, mostly."

It occurs to me that this whole parable would work with golf metaphors just fine. A man went out to golf, topped it and ended up on a cart path out of bounds on another fairway. He re-tees and slices a big drive into a rockpile. He tees up a third (laying 5) and pulls it hard left into a massive lot of thistles, etc. etc.

I’m a big hitter, which means I don’t spend much time in the fairway. Yeah—leave the low grasses to the sissies, I say—anyone can hit a ball off carpeting. It takes real golfers to hack a wedge repeatedly through patches of foxtail, nettles, sand traps.and rock-hard dirt-clods.

Where’s the challenge in hitting a ball straight down the fairway, wide as a football field? I like to break a sweat when I play golf—get some real exercise—at least, that’s the story I’m sticking to.

The seeds that fall in among the thorns present a true challenge to American Christians, for we are obscenely wealthy with thorn opportunities.

We all know about materialism—the obsession with things, stuff, and the acquisition of surplus security. They used to say, “Wine, women and song” but now it’s “Sex and drugs  and rock and roll.” Worldliness is the New Testament term. The thorny life is to love this world and and invest in this world rather than in the Kingdom of God.

Not the love of God, but love of self, love of pleasure, and love of personal control are what our thorns look like. . 

The apostle John says in 1 John 2: 15:

Do not love the world or the things in the world. If anyone loves the world, the love of the Father is not in him.

We must remember that we are passing through this life—crossing a bridge—and it is unwise to pitch the tents of our hearts here.

What can we do about it?

  1. 1.Seek first the Kingdom of God.
  2. 2.Examine our own hearts for thorns.
  3. 3.Pray for the shallow and lost.

4. IN GOOD SOIL

Good soil is open to receiving God’s message of good news. Like good soil, a good heart is one that can receive the seed and hold it fast, considering it precious.

Good soil can patiently wait on the Lord to grow the seed at his pace, in his time.

Good soil is ready and willing to be adjusted by God—to allow a new thing to take root inside—and to give all for its nourishment.

Isn’t this the longing of every one of our hearts? To be used by God for bearing fruit and to stay constantly hungry for his Word? 

What can we do about it?

  1. 1.Stay hungry for God’s will and Word.
  2. 2.Cultivate a willing spirit.
  3. 3.Cultivate a discerning mind.
  4. 4.Cultivate a submissive will (to God).

SOIL PREPARATION

A good deal of our work as a church is soil preparation. This is the work of Christian Education, Christian Nurture, and Christian Fellowship.  We offer love and care to strangers not so they will think of us as nice people, but so the soil of their hearts may receive the good news of Jesus Christ.

Presbyterians who helped found America believed in education not because they believe that knowledge was inherently good, but because they believed that learning enabled people to understand and live-out the gospels more fully. Reading was taught in order that people would be empowered read the Bible  

Fellowship groups--church softball teams, women’s groups, and youth groups--these are places where the soil is enriched and readied for planting.

Even with Mission work--we feed hungry mouths in order that the ears and heart become open to the message of salvation in Christ. 

You may have sown a lot of seed with friends or family members who seemed incapable of receiving it.  The good news is this:   People can change.  People do change. Every testimonial you’ve ever heard is the firsthand account of changing soil. 

It doesn’t matter if you’re hard-hearted, fickle in your loyalties, strangled by other concerns--God is at work among us and in you and in the hearts of those you love.  As planters, we must exercise some diligence in sowing—with the same recklessly generous hand of God—and pray for the harvest only he can produce.

        


Eternal Sin Eternal Family


Eternal Sin Eternal Family

Text: Mark 3: 22-35 Esv

22 And the scribes who came down from Jerusalem were saying, "He is possessed by Beelzebul," and "by the prince of demons he casts out the demons."
23 And he called them to him and said to them in parables, "How can Satan cast out Satan? 24 If a kingdom is divided against itself, that kingdom cannot stand. 25 And if a house is divided against itself, that house will not be able to stand. 26 And if Satan has risen up against himself and is divided, he cannot stand, but is coming to an end. 27 But no one can enter a strong man's house and plunder his goods, unless he first binds the strong man. Then indeed he may plunder his house. 28 "Truly, I say to you, all sins will be forgiven the children of man, and whatever blasphemies they utter, 29 but whoever blasphemes against the Holy Spirit never has forgiveness, but is guilty of an eternal sin"-- 
30 for they were saying, "He has an unclean spirit."31 And his mother and his brothers came, and standing outside they sent to him and called him. 32 And a crowd was sitting around him, and they said to him, "Your mother and your brothers are outside, seeking you." 33 And he answered them, "Who are my mother and my brothers?"
34 And looking about at those who sat around him, he said, "Here are my mother and my brothers!
35 For whoever does the will of God, he is my brother and sister and mother." 

Family matters

We finished last week’s text with Jesus’ family (a bunch of uncles, I imagined) out to get him because they think he is “out of his mind.” Today’s text gives us the ultimate clash between Jesus and the scribes, and Jesus’ own take on family values. As we review the text, let us remember to look for ourselves in its mirror.

1. JESUS FORGIVES BLASPHEMY

As Jesus has drawn interest and interested followers from the far south to far north points of Palestine, he is clearly the talk of the town in Jerusalem. Nevermind those Galilean scribes and Pharisees—they’re amateurs!—it’s time to send some top-notch, cream-of-the-crop scribes from Jerusalem down to check this guy out. So they come—the top dogs—the ancient equivalent of professors from Oxford, Harvard, and Princeton Theological Seminary. Now we’ll have a real verdict on this Jesus. Could he be the Messiah? The experts will let us know for sure.

Their verdict? They are in perfect agreement: this Jesus does in fact do healings, but he is not the messiah; he is The Devil himself. They call him Beelzebul, which means “Lord of the dung.” Closely related is Beelzebub, which means “Lord of the flies.” These names were used interchangeably to refer to the powers of Satan—they were demonic Princes, dark archangels—and they were the greatest evil in Judaism. The pagan god Ba’al is in the name, and to say that Jesus was healing by the power of Beelzebul was to say that there was nothing of the Lord in him.

Their proclamation is that he is worse than a nuisance; he is Sorcerer doing healings by black magic. This charge alone could have had Jesus executed if pursued. From our point of view, to call Jesus Beelzebul constitutes the ultimate blasphemy. They are looking God Almighty in the face—these religious leaders—and they call him The Devil.

Now Jesus could have—perhaps should have—struck them dead on the spot. Like the sons of Korah, God’s justice and glory almost demand that the earth open up and swallow these scribes and experts for the level of their blasphemy, but Jesus does something much more interesting, and more excellent as well:

23 And he called them to him
and said to them in parables…

Jesus calls them to himself. This is a kind, gentle, gracious response to their extreme hostility. Jesus models love for his enemies. He gathers them around, inviting them to process through their thoughts, and then he speaks to them in parables. This means he is meeting them on their own terms. Parables were classic rabbinical teaching tools. Jesus shows them respect (though they don’t deserve it) and meets them speaking in their own tongue.

Now before we look at what Jesus says to them, look at what he’s done: they have pronounced him—in front of the crowds and his own followers—the greatest imaginable insult! Jesus welcomes them and now instructs them. He welcomes his most bitter and vile enemies. This is strength. The scribes think that Jesus needs them and their endorsements. He does not need them. He has the truth. He is The Truth. That’s why he is neither angry, nor defensive, nor anxious. He welcomes those who despise him and teaches them. He can do this only because he needs nothing from them. He is a giver and he gives on his own terms—though he meets them where they are.

• Would Satan weaken Satan?

Jesus asks them, “How can Satan cast out Satan?” In other words, Jesus says to them, “Okay, supposing you’re correct—supposing that I am the prince of the demons, why then would I be casting them out rather than in? Wouldn’t my mission be to put my demons into as many people as possible? Into you (Zap!) and you (Pow!) and you? If I’m casting demons out, I’d be weakening myself, my mission, my cause and my kingdom! Now friends, does that make any sense at all?” 

If anyone means to overthrow the kingdom of a very strong king, he must first capture the king; then he can set up a new rule. Jesus is letting them know that he is plundering Hell and ransacking the house of Satan because Jesus has authority over Satan—over Satan’s house and kingdom.

Through his teachings, healings and exorcisms, Jesus is clearly the world’s chief source of Satan’s destruction. How can that be evil?

• Jesus sets the boundaries

Verse 28 gives us a glimpse into the plan of God that hasn’t been revealed before:

28 "Truly, I say to you, all sins will be forgiven the children of man, and whatever blasphemies they utter,

Catch that first phrase: Truly, all sins will be forgiven humankind, even blasphemy This is our first glimpse into the bigger plan of God in Christ. The Disciples’ eyebrows would have lifted at this, for we have heard nothing about Jesus planning to forgive all of humankind before. He forgave the paralytic’s sins before healing him, yes, and it was not inconceivable that the messiah should forgive the sins of Israel, but all humankind? Here is the plan of good news!

Jesus is kind and winsome in his approach and teaching. He is hospitable and welcoming. But he also makes known to them the real boundaries of what they’re doing—the real cause of destruction:

whoever blasphemes against the Holy Spirit never has forgiveness, but is guilty of an eternal sin"

This is fair warning. The Holy Spirit points to Jesus. Jesus is the only source of forgiveness. To deny Jesus is to deny forgiveness. Jesus is not saying that the scribes have no hope, for they can change their minds. But those who persist in rejecting the Holy Spirit will have no one left in their corner but Satan.

2. jesus and family values

Like last week, our episode ends with an ironic family twist. Last week, the family was all out to get him. This week, his mother and siblings are looking for him (perhaps to warn him about all those uncles out to get him?). Jesus is busy teaching when someone interrupts him to say his mother and brothers were outside wanting to see him. Jesus says:

"Who are my mother and my brothers?"

Anyone who tries to co-opt Christianity into a family values agenda gets zero support from Jesus! There is little elsewhere in the New Testament. Jesus was single—didn’t even have a family of his own. The apostle Paul was single. He says in 1 Corinthians 7, verse 8:

To the unmarried and the widows I say that it is good for them to remain single as I am.

Paul even says it’s “better”—not equal to or as good as—but better to be single. The Catholics picked up on this, but we Protestants have tossed it out. What is worse, we Protestants have twisted the Gospel into a pro-family-values political agenda, which is a form of gospel abuse, in my opinion. Nowhere in scripture do we find Jesus or Paul extolling the virtues of being a good family (though Paul does give pastoral guidance to families as such). The fact is, so-called family values are as secular as sin itself. Jesus is the sword that divides fathers from sons, mothers from daughters[see Matthew 10:34].

Good families are as much an interest to pagans and atheists as Christians. In the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus says, “If you love only those who love you, of what benefit is that? Even pagans do the same.” This applies equally to family. If you love your own family members, don’t think yourself some kind of saint—most unthinking mammals do as well, and so do atheist families.

We must resist the temptation—we must not allow faith to be turned into family self-love.

Yes, your christianity is expressed as a witness to and through your family, but your family name is not eternal. Your Christian name is!

As parents, your first concern is leading your children into God’s eternal family. The family that worships together—that knows Christ and is known by Christ together—that is an eternal family. Jesus says it:

"Here are my mother and my brothers!”

That is the family we are interested in.

                                  


Twelve from the Swarm

“Twelve from the Swarm

Text: Mark 3: 7-21 Esv

7 Jesus withdrew with his disciples to the sea, and a great crowd followed, from Galilee and Judea 8 and Jerusalem and Idumea and from beyond the Jordan and from around Tyre and Sidon. When the great crowd heard all that he was doing, they came to him. 9 And he told his disciples to have a boat ready for him because of the crowd, lest they crush him,

10 for he had healed many, so that all who had diseases pressed around him to touch him. 11 And whenever the unclean spirits saw him, they fell down before him and cried out, "You are the Son of God." 12 And he strictly ordered them not to make him known.

13 And he went up on the mountain and called to him those whom he desired, and they came to him. 14 And he appointed twelve (whom he also named apostles) so that they might be with him and he might send them out to preach 15 and have authority to cast out demons. 16 He appointed the twelve: Simon (to whom he gave the name Peter);

17 James the son of Zebedee and John the brother of James (to whom he gave the name Boanerges, that is, Sons of Thunder);

18 Andrew, and Philip, and Bartholomew, and Matthew, and Thomas, and James the son of Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus, and Simon the Cananaean, 19 and Judas Iscariot, who betrayed him. 20 Then he went home, and the crowd gathered again, so that they could not even eat. 21 And when his family heard it, they went out to seize him, for they were saying, "He is out of his mind." 

SWARMS

There’s something you see in the midwest—in places like Omaha, Nebraska—that you rarely if ever see here in California. On warm summer nights, after dark, when you step out toward the street and look toward a streetlamp, you don’t see there what you see here. Here, you see a streetlamp—a luminous glass enclosure shining light all around—but there it is great shimmering fog of moths and insects—a greasy globe of living confetti all around the light and in the circle of lamplight on the ground below. Moths, aphids, lacewings, midges, mayflies and a thousand other species of little flying things swarming about.

Many people’s cars or trucks have a clear,  plastic type of spoiler on the front of hoods of their vehicles. The purpose of these devices is to throw a wind break up and over the windshield of the car or truck. With these, your windshield of an evening’s drive may have only two or three dozen insects plastered to the glass, rather than the usual hundreds.

Wherever you find a light source, you find swarms of flappy, buzzy little critters.

What we find in our text today is that the crowds—the large crowds—are following Jesus wherever he goes. They are a pestering swarm of interested onlookers, like Pokemon enthusiasts going after a rare Bulbasaur, or, like shoppers at WalMart on Thanksgiving evening, they are aggressively pressing in to take advantage of the night’s free offer—healings, teachings, and the satisfaction of seeing the local big shots taken off their high horses.

The central problem of our text is that unlike the hoi polloi crowds, the righteous, the religious and the faithful are not drawn to Jesus.

We’re going to briefly review the text and then consider why it is the righteous, religious, faithful overlooked Jesus.

JESUS AND THE BIG CROWDS

News was out about Jesus. He healed lepers, paralytics, and demon-possessed people. He taught as one with authority, unlike the Pharisees, and had a way of showing them up on their own turf, the synagogue. The crowds came to him from every part of Palestine, from way south to way north.

Jesus knows the crowds are coming and that crowd control will likely be a problem. He calls for a boat in case they need to make an escape in verse 9:

9 And he told his disciples to have a boat ready for him because of the crowd, lest they crush him,

This was unheard of in Jesus’ day, but in our day it happens all the time.  Elvis struggled to get from the stage door to his limo, the Beatles were chased down English streets by mobs of schoolgirls. In 1979, 11 young people were killed at a Who concert in Cincinnati, simply trying to make their way into the arena. The crowd was so compressed and eager to get inside and take their seats, they didn’t even realize people were in trouble. The crowds of Jesus’ day were not just highly-motivated; they were dangerous.

Again we hear of unclean spirits being cast out, but before they are, they proclaim to Jesus: “You are the Son of God!” And again, Jesus “strictly orders” them not to blow his cover.

Next, he goes up a local mountain and as it says in verse 13:

called to him those whom he desired, and they came to him.

Just note: the entire crowds did not go up; just the ones “he desired.” He calls them and they all came to him. Apparently, the call is irresistible.

They will be called “apostles” which means “ones who are sent.” Perhaps the best translation for the word apostle is missionary. Missionaries are those we send out in gospel mission. We tend to think of them as people who are sent internationally, but it includes every local project as well. When your lifegroup gathers to serve in a local project like Bridges to Home, you go as missionaries of First Pres. You are apostles in that you are sent to do ministry in Jesus’ name. The role of the twelve is to:

to preach and have authority to cast out demons.

In short, that means to spread the Christian worldview in Jesus name and to address the spiritual world with Christ’s own authority. And we do cast out demons. Dark forces reside within every church. Factions, discontents, underminers and usurpers—dissent in plain view and in the honest light of day is all fine, but when it is done in darkness, in a nasty spirit. . . well, that is a spirit that needs to be cast out.

We regularly deal with unclean spirits such as gossip, jealousy, pridefulness, backbiting, cowardice, and unforgiving judgmentalism. We regularly need to dispel sourness, unkindness and self-righteousness, so yes, we have our demons to cast out today.

A Bunch of Uncles

The Twelve are selected, and they go back to Capernaum, where the crowd is so thick that they “could not even eat.” The line at the door seemed never-ending. And then, at the end, we have what is like a crazy, non sequitur punchline:

And when his family heard it, they went out to seize him, for they were saying, "He is out of his mind."

What? We know Mary was with him, and a couple of his cousins or half-brothers, so we almost have to picture that force within families that can best be described as a bunch of uncles. You follow me? Picnics, holidays, reunions—there’s nothing in nature as self-sure and self-righteous in its cause than a bunch of uncles—even 2 or 3—gathered and aligned. The line should sound quite crazy to us. CNN shows up at the house of Jesus’ extended family for an exclusive interview, parks their van at the curb and walks up toward the garage, where—let’s say four—uncles are enjoying a canned beverage with the Dodgers’ game on the radio as they tinker with an old El Camino. The reporter—equipped with hairdo, suit and microphone—walks up the driveway with a cameraman and soundman in tow, and the uncles step up to meet them. She smiles a dazzling smile and sticks the microphone forward. “Gentlemen, as members of Jesus’ family, what do you think about the crowds he’s drawing from Galilee and now all around Palestine? Sources say he’s doing miraculous healings and he’s making fair fools of the Pharisees. What do you say?”  They share a quiet look between them and then one of them speaks: “No worries, we got this—he’s out of his mind.” Without another word, the four pile into a nearby SUV and drive off, leaving the reporter and her crew alone. “There you have it: Jesus’ own family confirms what religious leaders have been saying already: this Jesus is certifiably nuts.”

There is no investigation, no question, no careful process to determine the truth of the matter—Jesus’ own “family” doesn’t believe in him. But the people—the people are nuts about him; the people can’t get enough of him.

RIGHTEOUS, RELIGIOUS

Some Not Drawn to Jesus

Back to our main question: Why are the righteous, religious faithful not drawn? Why not his own extended family? Did they trust him? No. Did they respect him? No. Was he sent to them by God for their own good? Yes.

Today, we Christians in the Church are the world’s righteous, religious faithful. While we’d like to identify with the good folk and disciples who followed him—and we usually do—it is only right that we should consider that we might have been on the wrong side back then. A right reading of the scripture demands that we consider this; for remember, all the loyal followers and closest disciples eventually abandoned him at his arrest and crucifixion.

Respect and Trust

I think Cesar Milan, the Dog Whisperer, is really amazing. Give the guy a bunch of abandoned pit bulls and in an incredibly short time, he has them at his feet, compliant and obedient. Tara called me in to the room the other day because as he was speaking, our dogs were sitting on the couch—both of them looking at the screen watching him.

His philosophy is simple: you must be sure your dogs respect you and trust you. That’s it. All dog-training is about preserving respect and trust. Owners who try too hard to be liked end up disrespected and pushed around by their dogs. Owners whose leadership is erratic or anxious fail to build trust. Now stay with me, because I’m going to say that the reason some people follow Jesus and others don’t is similar—because respect and trust play the major role in becoming disciples.

Let us be clear: there are some things we can choose and some we cannot, but we can choose whether or not we will give respect and whether or not we will give our trust to someone. We are responsible for both.

R-E-S-P-E-C-T

Have you ever wondered about your own mechanisms of respect? What is it in you and me that makes us choose to respect whom we respect and withhold respect from others? I’m going to suggest a few—see if any of them strike you as true for you.

Why we withhold respect:

1. We would rather rule ourselves.

This is a human basic going back to the Garden of Eden. It is pride. It is our built-in resistance to rule because we would rather lead than be led.

2. We are naturally impressed by different things.

We are each uniquely wired. What impresses you might not impress me and vice versa. One person’s hero is another person’s zero.

3. We all have Family Issues.

We do not choose our families. We are born into them and get our sense of who we are and what we like and dislike based upon our gearing—even our infancy gearing—and our feelings about leaders and authorities are shaped by our parents, siblings, and of course, a bunch of our uncles.

4. People fail to impress us.

We may expect too much of those we have admired. Meeting one’s worldly heroes can be a disappointing experience.

5. We can be hyper-critical.

Not hypocritical (though that can also be a problem for us), but we can set the bar of our expectations so high that no one can possibly clear it. We can end up withholding respect from leaders who show any shred of vulnerability or who are a tad less than perfect.

6. Someone is not part of your club or inner circle.

The Pharisees rejected Jesus in part because he was an outsider. He didn’t hobnob with the Temple elites and was completely uninterested in Jerusalem politics. Ever felt like an outsider?

In my orientation group at Princeton Theological Seminary, I was in a circle of people whose undergraduate degrees were from Yale, Harvard, Cornell, Duke and Claremont Colleges. When I said Gonzaga, the first response I heard was a laugh: “Sounds like skin disease!” Unquote.

When I was being ordained to my first call in Dallas, Texas, the committee that was lording over me asked me why I hadn’t given Austin Theological Seminary a closer look over Princeton.

The righteous, religious faithful did not respect Jesus for these reasons and more. They would rather be lost than to allow him to lead. And here’s the key point: they chose to withhold their respect.

TRUST

Trust works the same as respect. We can choose to give it or withhold it, voluntarily. Belief is more complicated, for we can’t simply choose to believe something. We believe in something or we don’t because of processes in our brains and hearts that yield either conviction or doubt. I can’t choose to believe in UFOs—there is nothing to tip that scale for me from doubt to conviction. But unlike belief, trust and respect are voluntary and chosen.

1. We choose to give or withhold trust—because we can.

It’s just a fact. Feelings aside, we can give our trust functionally even if our hearts are not in it. We all give a certain kind of trust to whomever will be the next president of the United States. Maybe not much, but as loyal  citizens, we will give a measure of respect and trust to the office, if not the person.

2. We judge others’ trustworthiness.

We have “trust judgment” indicators in our hearts and minds. Some of us trust too easily; others are deeply distrusting. Inside, we are all somewhat judgmental. We have an inner yardstick by which we measure people and say, “I trust him, I don’t trust him.” We give trust at a risk. People who have been treated well tend to be very trusting; people who have been hurt or burned tend to withhold trust.

We may play games with people, holding up hoops in our minds for them to jump through. If they jump, I’ll trust; if not, I will withhold trust. The reality is that our indicators—those inner rulers—are unreliable even though we feel otherwise.

In the big picture, the people we trust—those in our group, club or families—are no more reliable than the outsiders. As a pastor, I don’t think I’ve spent ten minutes listening to someone complain about a stranger, but family? Friends? Trusted colleagues? That’s 99.9%.

Remember, in our story, it is unclean spirits who speak the truth about who Jesus is, not the righteous, religious, faithful! How right would we be to trust our uncles or religious leaders in the case of our text?

TRUSTING, RESPECTING GOD

When it comes to our relationship with God, we respect and trust on faith. You might say our faith is in fact a matter of voluntarily giving our trust and respect to God even though he is unseen.

We give God our respect by our worship and by acknowledging his Word as our spiritual authority. Doubts of all kinds are at constant work in our hearts and minds, but we choose to trust in him above all else. Above our feelings, our so-called “better judgment,” and above our own sight and wisdom—we give God all respect.

We also give God all our trust. This is why the second question of membership is so crucial. We say, “Jesus Christ is my Lord and Savior,” but we must ask: “Do you trust in him?” That means that you and I do indeed choose—voluntarily—to give Jesus trust through thick and thin, despite what our eyes, minds and hearts would say otherwise.

Our faith is a matter of not withholding trust, not withholding respect, from God.

OUR WITNESS

Our trust and respect for God separates us from religion or righteousness. Bono of U2 has a great quote: He says “Religion is what is left once the Spirit has left the building.” Our faith, brothers and sisters, is not about religion or righteousness—it is about Christ and Christ alone! Through Christ alone God is known and revealed.

When we trust and respect God, it show in our other relationships as well:

If we trust in God, we are less worried about controlling outcomes ourselves. This means we become less anxious and risk-averse. We become more faithful—and feel comfortable leaving room for God to act in our lives and future destinies.

When we give God all respect, we come to see him in our world. It becomes much easier to see his image in people we formerly distrusted or disrespected. It becomes easier to give trust and respect to others. It becomes easier to forgive, for it is easier to see God at work even in our “enemies.”

Give your respect to God and to others. Spend it. You’re not going to run out!

Trust God—spend all your trust on him—and trusting others will be your joy.   


Man with a Withered Hand


“Man with a Withered Hand”

Text: Mark 3: 1-6 Esv

1 Again he entered the synagogue, and a man was there with a withered hand. 2 And they watched Jesus, to see whether he would heal him on the Sabbath, so that they might accuse him. 3 And he said to the man with the withered hand, "Come here." 4 And he said to them, "Is it lawful on the Sabbath to do good or to do harm, to save life or to kill?" But they were silent. 5 And he looked around at them with anger, grieved at their hardness of heart, and said to the man, "Stretch out your hand." He stretched it out, and his hand was restored. 6 The Pharisees went out and immediately held counsel with the Herodians against him, how to destroy him.  

introduction

Have you ever felt exposed and ashamed? Has  there been an event in your life that revealed something about you you would have preferred to have kept hidden but nonetheless was dragged into the public square for all to see and by which they judge you?  Think about it. For some of you, there is an easy, obvious and perhaps painful answer. An arrest, a noisy divorce, a scandal, a bankruptcy, an alcoholic episode—the details are easy enough to imagine, and certainly painful to remember for those that lived through them. A car parked on the neighbor’s front lawn, a visit from the police because the neighbors called out of fearful concern, your name and picture in the local paper—pictures of exposure. In particular, they are pictures of the exposure of either sin, foolishness or frailty and with these pictures comes a black cloud of shame, shame shame.

Our text this morning is the coming together of three narratives: one of the Pharisees, another of the man with the withered hand, and the third, of Jesus. A full appreciation of our text requires some backstory in order to highlight the unique revelation of Jesus in this account. All have something to say about the interplay between shamefulness and wholeness, and all will reveal how Jesus sets the upside-down world right-side up.

1. The Pharisees

What we know about them is that they have a reason to be in the synagogue, but that reason has nothing to do with helping people or seeing God’s glory at work. They are not there to worship. Rather, their purpose is malignant; they have gathered in agreement to accuse Jesus. They want to see if he will violate the Sabbath Law as they interpret it.

Previously, Jesus defended his disciples for picking grain and eating it on the Sabbath. The result was that all the Pharisees texted each other and spread word quickly that Jesus was a law-breaker. So hearing he would be teaching at synagogue, they converged, took their seats in their front row pews, sat with their arms crossed and waited for him to make a mistake so that they could criticize him, judge him, and exclude him from their circle.

The text tells us Jesus was angry—indignant—with them because of their “hardness of heart.”  What is hardness of heart? Consider:

•collective self-interest

•preservation of their own codes

•preservation of their own esteem

•preservation of their prestige

•no interest in Jesus’ mission

•no humility

•no acknowledgement of their own sin

•no respect for true God

•no compassion/empathy for the man

The narrative of the Pharisees is an upside-down world. They see themselves as whole, the man with the withered hand as flawed, and Jesus as shameful. Their interest is in preserving their own power and rejecting the new wine of the spirit that Jesus brings in favor of preserving their crusty old wineskins.

2. The Man with the Withered Hand

Scholars have questioned whether a man with a withered hand would have been allowed into the synagogue at a;;. He definitely would not have been allowed into the temple in Jerusalem, but synagogues \ in Galilee may have had lighter restrictions.

Our first question is simply Why is he there? Perhaps he was a plant—bait—by which the Pharisees sought to trap Jesus. Maybe he was there for the same reason all the crowds made way toward him; namely, in the hope against all hope that maybe, just maybe, he might be healed and made whole.

Life in Jesus’ day would not have been easy for a man with a withered hand. Not only would people have been basically ungracious to him, but many would have assumed that he suffered the affliction as a result of sin—either his own or his parents—and therefore kept him toward the bottom of every social ladder. It’s not unlikely that he would have kept his hand hidden as much as possible, tucked away inside his cloak like a shoplifter or Napoleon.

We can imagine him sitting there in the back row by the door, quietly, humbly, careful not to draw any attention to himself. We can imagine him sitting there hoping that after the teaching, this Jesus might invite people who need healing to come forward. He would go up with the others and wait his turn.

His life had been one of affliction and shame, but this Jesus offered the chance of hope and wholeness. In the key moment, Jesus calls him to stand front and center. This doesn’t mean standing where he is—the last row with his back to the wall—but “stand up in the middle”—to stand in the place of the rabbi with the eyes of every prominent local Pharisee eyeing him down. It would have been mortifying.

As the man stands there uneasily, Jesus poses a legal question to the Pharisees: “Is it lawful to do good on the Sabbath or to destroy?” The Pharisees take in the question as the man wonders what all this has to do with him. Jesus, full of compassion, looks to the man and says, “Stretch out your hand.” This is total exposure. What is a “withered hand” but a hand that cannot be stretched out? Jesus asks him to do the very thing he cannot do and it all happens front and center in the synagogue with all the local eminent leaders watching him. Is he going to have his shame—his ugly, gnarled hand—now become the object of everyone’s laser-focused attention?

Jesus looks him in the eye with reassurance and something in the man begins to speak more powerfully than his fear, stronger than his shame, and he is drawn to simply obey. And as he wills to obey and begins to draw the hand out of his cloak, it happens: face-to-face with Jesus, the impossible, the unthinkable, and the unreasonable suddenly became clear and solid—the impossible hope comes into focus—and he feels blood pumping into his fingers and muscle mending. As he seeks to obey and stretch out his hand, his hand stretches out, and for the first time—perhaps ever—a beautiful, complete, whole, restored hand reaches toward Jesus. In Jesus’ face he sees a love and a power beyond all earthly power.

Jesus takes his hand and holds it up; the gathered people (except for the Pharisees) go wild and glorify God.

In an instant, the man’s former life of fear, shame and affliction is gone and he lives in a new light. He who was afflicted and shamed is made whole by the power and presence of Jesus.

3. Jesus

From Jesus’ point of view, we see the upside-down world of Mark. Jesus surely knew that the Pharisees would be gathering a political force against him. He saw their faces when he healed the leper. He knew what their reaction would be when he and his disciples picked grain and ate it on the Sabbath. He knew that as he entered the synagogue that day, there were lots of prominent synagogue leaders who were there to oppose him—who wanted to see him go down in flames. Even so, he enters and teaches.

All the local, Pharisaical luminaries are in the best seats—front row Pharisees all around—and Jesus knows they’re only there for one reason: to get him.

Whether he taught first or stepped right up to the challenge we don’t know, but the moment comes and Jesus seizes the day. The Pharisees may have meant the poor man with the withered hand to be there as bait, but Jesus would kill several birds with one stone. He sees the man and—unlike the Pharisees—cares about him. Jesus is not hard-hearted, but soft-hearted, huge-hearted, open-hearted—whatever expresses the opposite of hard-heartedness—and he calls the man front and center.

As the man shyly steps forward, the Pharisees begin to salivate—Yes! He’s taking the  bait!—but if Jesus and the man were the only two people there, he would have done the same. He sees the brokenness, the shame, and he will do whatever is necessary—no matter the cost—to restore this beloved child of God to wholeness.

Jesus asks the Pharisees, “Is it lawful on the Sabbath to do good or to do harm, to save life or to kill?" The Pharisees are silent, perhaps out of mere disrespect (most hostile people are only nasty behind another’s back), but perhaps because they didn’t have an answer. The Pharisees saw reality in terms of obedience to the Mosaic Law—they were legalists—so they had no way of responding to a question that was out of a bigger world and perspective than legalism.  Jesus doesn’t ask, “Is it good and right to heal?” but “Is it legally valid?” It’s like asking, “Is it legal to improve the law?” Either way, they are silent and Jesus is indignant over their hardness of heart. None of them cares about this man. They are content to simply use him as bait, as a pawn in their little scheme. Whether he is healed or not doesn’t register to them on the man’s account; they just want to undermine  Jesus.

Jesus heals the man and immediately their cause has new ammunition. Jesus heals on the Sabbath. Blinded by their legalism, they set out to have Jesus not undermined but destroyed.

The Bible Mirror

As we submit ourselves to the Word today, where are you seeing yourself mirrored? We may all have something of the Pharisee or man with a withered hand about us. We do well to look for our own resemblances.

Do you have anything of the Pharisee in you? Are you motivated to protect and defend old wineskins—old ways of doing things that served your own prominence? Are you perfectly satisfied with the world as you have it ordered? Are you more interested in power and politics than compassion? Worded otherwise, is your heart on the hard side in need of some softening? The good news for you is that Jesus desires your wholeness. Our central calling is to recognize him as Lord and to submit ourselves to his rule no matter what the cost.  Jesus is coming, and when he brings his kingdom no other kingdoms will be allowed to stand. We would all do well to abandon them sooner rather than later.

Maybe you identify a bit more with the man with the withered hand. Maybe your heart is shamed; maybe you feel like the walking wounded. Have others have put you down, pushed you aside, made you to feel inferior or less than whole? Maybe you have a kind of withered hand hidden in your own cloak this morning—something that would be shameful to reveal. The good news is that Jesus wants to heal you but he may be waiting for you to act.

We cannot heal or change what we will not acknowledge. 

Do you want to be healed? Do you want to feel whole? That withered hand must come out of the cloak. Jesus calls us to do the very thing we feel to be impossible. “Stretch out your hand,” he says. Jesus will take away whatever shameful thing we confess. He will remove it. He will make us whole. Do you want that? You’ll need to come down, front and center—in whatever you meaningfully can.

If you’ve ever been afraid of being exposed, Jesus is your terror. For the Pharisee, Jesus exposes and shames hard-heartedness. For the withered, he exposes withered-ness, but only in order to have it healed. Either way, we sit here before Jesus—who alone judges us—and offers his compassion to those who come forward in brokenness. Here he stands, will you come forward?

                              


Spirit of the Law


“SPIRIT OF THE LAW”

Text: Mark 2: 18-28 Esv

18 Now John's disciples and the Pharisees were fasting. And people came and said to him, "Why do John's disciples and the disciples of the Pharisees fast, but your disciples do not fast?" 19 And Jesus said to them, "Can the wedding guests fast while the bridegroom is with them? As long as they have the bridegroom with them, they cannot fast. 20 The days will come when the bridegroom is taken away from them, and then they will fast in that day. 21 No one sews a piece of unshrunk cloth on an old garment. If he does, the patch tears away from it, the new from the old, and a worse tear is made. 22 And no one  puts new wine into old wineskins. If he does, the wine will burst the skins--and the wine is destroyed, and so are the skins. But new wine is for fresh wineskins."

23 One Sabbath he was going through the grainfields, and as they made their way, his disciples began to pluck heads of grain. 24 And the Pharisees were saying to him, "Look, why are they doing what is not lawful on the Sabbath?" 25 And he said to them, "Have you never read what David did, when he was in need and was hungry, he and those who were with him: 26 how he entered the house of God, in the time of Abiathar the high priest, and ate the bread of the Presence, which it is not lawful for any but the priests to eat, and also gave it to those who were with him?" 27 And he said to them, "The Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath. 28 So the Son of Man is lord even of the Sabbath."  

Camp Covenant Cedars

Camp Covenant Cedars near Hordville, Nebraska; the place I spent a week of my summer between 7th and 8th grades, gave me a memorable and formative experience. It was a project of the Covenant Church—an offshoot of Swedish state Lutheranism—remained predominantly Swedish. There was a lake, a bunch of cabins, a mess hall—pretty predictable really—but I was impressed by some of my cabin mates. They were tough guys—bad boys—who had long hair, smoked cigarettes, and used words nice, churchy boys like me would never use.

Like most evangelistic church camps, the week’s teachings built up to a big final night. There we were, at the “beach” on the edge of the lake, campfire spitting sparks up to the stars, and everyone seriously immersed in the spiritual sentiment of the evening. As the guitars played, tears started, and all of the bad boys in my cabin surrendered their hearts and lives to the lordship of Jesus. I thought it was really great, and hoped it also meant they would quit trying to pick fights with me now that they were Christians.

Following the campfire, back in the cabin, our counselor gathered us in a circle. He looked like Dennis the Menace’s dad from the comic strip. He guided us: “Now that you boys are following Christ, you’ve got to live a new life: no more cigarettes, no drinking, no disobedience toward your parents, no crossing the line with girls—“ I watched as the faces of my newfound brothers in Christ drew long in exasperation and disappointment. Our counselor had managed to suck the joy out of all of them in record time. The glow was gone in sixty seconds.

What I learned was that God doesn’t convert people in order to destroy their joy or sense of independence; he converts us to love what is good and to take joy in the things that save us.

The Church has made this mistake again and again through its history: it takes the good grace-gift of God and turns it back into Law, and takes new creatures in Christ and turns them right back into ordinary old Pharisees.

2 episodes

Our text presents us with two episodes wherein Jesus is encountered by Pharisees. In each case, Jesus reveals something of himself and something of grace, but the Pharisees can only see some kind of insult to their religious sentimentality.

A pattern we see in Mark is one of mutual self-revelation. As Jesus’ messiahship and lordship are increasingly self-revealed so the Pharisees reaction grows increasingly hostile.

When Jesus started out in Capernaum, he had to “read their minds” to discern their objections. Next, he “overhears” them objecting outside Levi’s house. Now we hear them on progressive terms. First, they will ask him a question directly (and respectfully); and second, they will confront him with what they think is a sabbath violation. This is a key irony in Mark. As Jesus is progressively revealed, we would think the people would progressively recognize him for who he is.But no, the more Jesus shows them the Father, the more hostile and reactionary they become. Go figure.

1. Jesus Reveals New Wine

Our two episodes constitute two apparent violations of Jewish observance and Law. Jesus thwarts their criticism and takes the opportunity to remove the veil of his messianic  identity a bit more. We’re going to look at the two events and then consider our own relationship with legalism and liberty.

In the first episode, Pharisees and disciples of John the Baptist ask a simple and reasonable question:

“We all fast, why don’t you? What makes you any different?”

Jesus replies that when the bridegroom is with his guests, the guests cannot fast. But this isn’t about fasting; Jesus has sneaked-in the main point: he is the bridegroom; he is the Lord. Jeremiah 3:14:

“Return, faithless people,” declares the LORD, “for I am your husband. I will choose you—one from a town and two from a clan—and bring you to Zion.

Because the groom is now walking the Earth a new wine abounds—one that cannot be contained by old wineskins. The Spirit revealed in Christ is the new wine; the Law makes up the old wineskins.

Old Wineskins

In the case of our first episode, the old wineskins are the practice of fasting. More generally, old wineskins are the religious observances that have no heart or soul left in them. We all know what it means when the form of religion triumphs over its substance. In time, the form becomes the substance and religious duties are carried out for a God with whom people have no real relationship.

If the spirit is good, the form is almost arbitrary. Jesus says that we are to judge a tree by the fruit it bears. Good trees don’t bear bad fruit. If the spirit—the heart and soul—are in the right place, the fruit will be fine. The form is infinitely less important than the the content and spirit.

Jesus comes to reveal the spirit—new wine—new heart and soul.  But the people are not yet ready to receive.

2. Lord of the Sabbath

In the second episode, the Pharisees see Jesus’ disciples walking through a field picking grain and eating it on the Sabbath. They approach him and sternly speak to him:

“Look, we all know that this is not okay according to the Law of Moses!”

Jesus reminds them of David’s acquisition of priestly bread, but as the first episode wasn’t really about fasting, so this episode isn’t really about eating. Again, it is a chance for Jesus to self-reveal. The punchline is the last line: The Son of Man is even Lord of the Sabbath.

Who is the Lord of the Sabbath? God alone! In saying that Sabbath was made for humankind and not vice versa, Jesus speaks as one who knows the mind and intentions of God the Father. Jesus speaks with authority that is above the Law, and above the Sabbath.

These two episodes are key self-revelations, and the people should have gasped, held in their breaths and said, “I get it! I get it now! I know who he is! He is the Messiah—the Son of God!” But no, we get the upside-down world. Human anger only increases.

SIN OR NOT A SIN?

With both encounters, the Pharisees have an unspoken question that stands at the center of their challenges to Jesus:

Is it a sin or not a sin?

Is it a sin not to fast when we’re supposed to fast? Is it a sin to pick grain on the Sabbath or not? This question is at the center of a kind of moralism that names the negatives instead of the positives. We spent a year meditating on 7 virtues, remembering that it is too easy to focus on the sin rather than the good fruit we’re called to bear.

This same question is a huge part of American politics—and the force of the question threatens the unity even of the Church. Take any of our hottest current topics: gay rights, immigration rights, abortion rights, economic rights, free speech right—put any one of them under the microscope and we’ll see at the core a basic disagreement: is it a sin or is it not a sin?  The question is identical to that of the Pharisees. Jesus answer to both questions is a resounding no.

DO WE KNOW WHO IS RIGHT?

Christians read the same Bible but come to different conclusions. We read differently. We don’t all wear the same prescription glasses and some of our lenses are tinted red or blue, rose or green. We look at the same world, read the same words, but come to conclusions that divide us. We develop different sentiments and passions. In the end, we are like fans on opposite sides of the stadium rooting for different teams. We can even become opponents—our party convictions and loyalties overshadowing our lives as Christians. Even our  churches can suffer divisions, tragically, over our flawed eyesight and secondary loyalties.

Is it possible to avoid conflict and find a safe, neutral ground? Possibly, but only as long as we keep away from the microscope which reveals root differences. To pretend there are no real differences risks the jettison of essential cargo—the selling-out of conscience for a superficial peace. This is the path of the tax-collectors we discussed last week, who scuttled their Judaism for big, Roman paychecks. Selling out may lay down a kind of peace, but peace without integrity constitutes the subversion of our witness. Our loss outweighs our gain.

Presbyterians have spoken some wisdom into such dilemma for hundreds of years with our Book of Order coinage of the phrase “mutual forbearance.” Where people differ in good conscience, we are called to practice mutual forbearance. To do so recognizes a fundamental truth; namely, that we are all flawed, no matter  how correct we feel. We see in a mirror dimly at best, and though we may think our own sight pure, we humbly acknowledge that only God is good, true and righteous. Therefore we practice a generosity of spirit toward those with whom we disagree. We don’t claim that the truth we see and represent is the absolute-and-perfectly-unvarnished Truth. Rather, as we practice humility before God we show generosity toward our brothers and sisters who feel differently led. As to all the hot topics, there is not “a” Christian position, but Christians doing their best to serve God in the midst of their imperfect opinions.

Beyond the Law

Through their extensive commentaries and rigorous disciplines, the Pharisees sought the unity of Judaism. They pursued the enforcement of Jewish unity through a one-dimensional reading of the Law. Even so, we know they were divided into several schools—Hillel, Shammai, Essene, Sadducees—each with their own tinted lenses.

Jesus’ responses are never one-sided; they don’t favor one school over the others. Rather, all schools find themselves beneath his higher authority and superior judgment. When questioned about what appears to be a sin of omission—not fasting—Jesus makes clear that he is above the Law. When he and his disciples pick and eat grain on the Sabbath, all schools of Judaism would have agreed that this is sin, but Jesus reveals himself as one above the Law—even Lord of the Sabbath. Again, wherever Jesus is—whenever he is present and acting—the Law is being fulfilled, for he himself is author and Lord of the Law.

It is this acknowledgement-that Jesus and Jesus alone is beyond the Law that provides the ground for the law’s true authority.

OUR INDEPENDENCE DAY

The USA—a unique and exceptional experiment in world history—was founded upon a vision greater than the law—particularly, greater than English law and royal rule. In the words of “Give me liberty or give me death” patriot Patrick Henry:

“It cannot be emphasized too strongly or too often that this nation was founded, not by religionists, but by Christians; not on religion, but on the Gospel of Jesus Christ.”

Those who believed in mutual forbearance nonetheless read out of scripture God’s calling that human beings should be free, with basic human rights—life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Unlike the rest of the world, Americans maintained that these right were granted neither by kings, nor tyrants, nor courts, nor revolutionary mobs, but rather were “endowed by our Creator.”

The idea that our rights have no human source remains unique. Americans uniquely have constituted that rights are given by God. This means that our courts, no matter how supreme, cannot overrule these rights.  Presidents, no matter how powerful, can not give them or take them away. Neither public opinion nor popular consensus can claim to supply these rights, nor can they remove them short of dissolving the Constitution altogether.

God-given rights is a pillar—a necessary foundation—that can only come from faith. In particular, the faith expressed in the Old and New Testaments of the Christian Bible. You will not find a similar foundation for human rights elsewhere. Not in the Koran, not in the Baghavad Gita, not in the sayings of Buddha, and certainly not in the humanism of Voltaire and his successors. Not even the Torah by itself. No, out of the ground of Christendom alone grew the value of the individual, and the expectation that life should flourish beyond legalism and literalism.

Our text demonstrates how the Law, left to itself, becomes a point of irreconcilable differences, even an idol. We require one—just  One—who is above the Law to give it its authority. There must be one whose spirit is greater than the letter of the law and by which the traps of legalism and literalism may be transcended.

We celebrate, brothers and sisters, because the American experiment still flourishes. We celebrate because the idea that human right come from God has/is/and will continue to raise the moral bar for the entire world. We still have our problems, glitches and false starts, but among fallen humankind of every culture, God has led us to something unprecedented and wonderful. Listen to John Quincy Adams, who said on July 4th of 1837:

Why is it that, next to the birth-day of the Savior of the world, your most joyous and most venerated festival returns on this day?  Is it not that, in the chain of human events, the birthday of the nation is indissolubly linked with the birthday of the Savior?  Is it not that the Declaration of Independence first organized the social compact on the foundation of the Redeemer’s mission upon earth?  That it laid the cornerstone of human government upon the first precepts of Christianity?” 

As we come to the table today, let us remember that America exists as it does because of the firm resolve of Christians who refused to compromise conscience. Instead, they left their beloved homelands and came to a land where they could be free to break bread and drink the cup as scripture and conscience demanded. A land wherein one’s God-given rights to live and worship without interference was guaranteed.

  


                                              © Noel 2021